PSG has now won the season-opening cup on fourteen separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side fired two times late to take a shock advantage. First, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial equaliser in the dying moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for PSG to complete a convincing penalty victory.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.